人类砍头小史 – Severed: A History of Heads Lost and Heads Found by Frances Larson

人类的头是一件了不起的作品。在五种官能中，单单是头部就掌控了其中的四种，它严密地包裹住大脑，并且拥有整个身体最富有表现力的肌肉群。

头是人类极具区别性的特征，将我们的内心与外部世界联系起来。尽管头拥有如此超群的能力，但也经历过黑暗时期，在人类历史上，主要表现为斩首或割取敌人首级。无论是一些西方的收藏家对干缩头颅的需求激发了大屠杀，还是二战中美军士兵把日本人的残肢送回亲人身边，无论是杜莎夫人将被斩首的罗伯斯庇尔的头做成塑像，还是达米恩•赫斯特在停尸房拍那些被砍下来的头颅，无论是盗墓骨相学家还是痴迷于头骨的科学家，人类学家弗朗西斯•拉尔森探究了我们这种对被砍掉的头颅的一种可怕的迷恋，并对此进行了严肃深入且有趣生动的探究。

本书研究充分，文辞极为精妙，其发现影响深远。当然，不可避免地具有黑色幽默性质，每章中关于人类学和历史学的披露描绘技巧娴熟，又异常扣人心弦。此外，本书还会经常挑战读者关于文明与野蛮、西方世界与“其他世界”、暴力与医学、宗教与礼教之间的二分式理解。

The human head is exceptional. It accommodates four of our five senses, encases the brain, and boasts the most expressive set of muscles in the body. It is our most distinctive attribute and connects our inner selves to the outer world.

Yet there is a dark side to the head’s preeminence, one that has, in the course of human history, manifested itself in everything from decapitation to headhunting. So explains anthropologist Frances Larson in this fascinating history of decapitated human heads. From the Western collectors whose demand for shrunken heads spurred massacres to Second World War soldiers who sent the remains of the Japanese home to their girlfriends, from Madame Tussaud modeling the guillotined head of Robespierre to Damien Hirst photographing decapitated heads in city morgues,from grave-robbing phrenologists to skull-obsessed scientists, Larson explores our macabre fixation with severed heads.

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