为什么曾经浪漫的感情也会变淡？为什么成功人士通常不会觉得自己很成功？为什么几乎所有的节食计划后来都功亏一篑？为什么聪明的人经常会做出糟糕透顶、灾难性的决定？这都取决于大脑中的一种单分子结构——多巴胺。这种化学物质控制着你的欲望、想象、冲动、创造力，出乎意料地影响着我们生 活的方方面面。
我们的身体受到“向上”和“向下”两类物质的控制。“向下”指的是控制当下的神经递质，它们决定我们当前的感受；“向上”则是指多巴胺，决定了我们的长远规划、愿景、未来期望。正因如此，多巴胺并不像很多人以为的，是一种快乐分子。它其实是一种欲望分子，在我们已经获得很多的同时，让我们有更高的期许、更大的目标。多巴胺让我们把眼光放得更长远，追求更高的目标，但也同时让人欲望无止境、不知道满足。它既能让你体会成功的喜悦，也让成功变得平淡无奇；它让你投入一段感情，但也让当初的深情被岁月磨平；它让你获得超长的智商，但也让你与疯狂一步之遥……
充分了解这种物质是如何影响我们的情绪、决策和生活的，能够帮助我们充分发挥大脑的潜在功能，提高效率，获得更好的表现。
Dopamine is the chemical of desire that always asks for more—more stuff, more stimulation, and more surprises. In pursuit of these things, it is undeterred by emotion, fear, or morality. Dopamine is the source of our every urge, that little bit of biology that makes an ambitious business professional sacrifice everything in pursuit of success, or that drives a satisfied spouse to risk it all for the thrill of someone new. Simply put, it is why we seek and succeed; it is why we discover and prosper. Yet, at the same time, it’s why we gamble and squander.
From dopamine’s point of view, it’s not the having that matters. It’s getting something—anything—that’s new. From this understanding—the difference between possessing something versus anticipating it—we can understand in a revolutionary new way why we behave as we do in love, business, addiction, politics, religion – and we can even predict those behaviors in ourselves and others.
In The Molecule of More: How a Single Chemical in Your Brain Drives Love, Sex, and Creativity—and will Determine the Fate of the Human Race, George Washington University professor and psychiatrist Daniel Z. Lieberman, MD, and Georgetown University lecturer Michael E. Long present a potentially life-changing proposal: Much of human life has an unconsidered component that explains an array of behaviors previously thought to be unrelated, including why winners cheat, why geniuses often suffer with mental illness, why nearly all diets fail, and why the brains of liberals and conservatives really are different.
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